Grand Rounds Recap 10/14

Grand Rounds Recap 10/14

Simulation with Dr. Hill

Case 1: 45 yo male comes to the ED after being found down at the mall s/p defib x2 for a V fib arrest per EMS with a King Airway in place and undergoing active CPR. In the ED you achieve ROSC after defib x1 for Vfib and then PEA with multiple arounds of epinephrine. EKG shows inferior STEMI.  

Case 2: EMS calls with advanced noticed for GI bleed presents tachycardic and hypotensive, actively bleeding with melanotic stool and hematemesis. 

Read More

Sepsis Under Fire

Sepsis Under Fire

This is our first of 2 cases exploring the care of patients with sepsis in the Emergency Department.  Similar to our "Out on a Limb" case series, the case presented is followed by a series of questions, with a discussion in the comment section facilitated by the post authors.  In approximately 1 month (November 11th), the authors of the post will conduct a combined simulation/small group session reinforcing the learning points from the posts during Grand Rounds.  Around this time, they will also curate the comments from the discussion and publish a post highlighting these learning points.  Looking forward to a great discussion!

Read More

Grand Rounds Recap 10/7

Grand Rounds Recap 10/7

Evidence Based Medicine on Tachydysrhythmias with Drs. Ludmer and Miller

  • SVT is an umbrella term that includes AVNRT, atrial fibrillation and flutter, and polymorphic multifocal atrial tachycardia (MAT)
  • AVNRT (AV Node Re-entrant Tachycardia) is the correct term for what is commonly diagnosed as SVT, 
  • MAT usually occurs in critically ill elderly patients with respiratory failure and is a poor prognostic sign, associated with 60% in hospital mortality. Treatment is to treat the causative pathology.
  • REVERT Trial: Modified valsalva vs standard valsalva performed in 10 EDs with 428 patients in England. Findings included a 17% conversion with standard methods and 43% with the modified valsalva. 
Read More

Fighting the Bugs

Fighting the Bugs

This is our first of 2 cases exploring the care of patients with sepsis in the Emergency Department.  Similar to our "Out on a Limb" case series, the case presented is followed by a series of questions, with a discussion in the comment section facilitated by the post authors.  In approximately 1 month (November 11th), the authors of the post will conduct a combined simulation/small group session reinforcing the learning points from the posts during Grand Rounds.  Around this time, they will also curate the comments from the discussion and publish a post highlighting these learning points.  Looking forward to a great discussion!

Read More

The Agitated Patient

The Agitated Patient

I don’t know if this has happened to you yet.  It happened to me on my first shift as an intern.  I hadn’t laid hand on a stethoscope in months.  I had just unloaded the cardboard boxes from my rental truck into my new place.  As I was settling in to my first few patient encounters one of our nurses approached me to say that a patient had been brought into our area that was extremely agitated.  I looked up to see a man being held down by multiple police officers, thrashing and swearing.  

“What can I give him?” She said.

“How about a hug?” I replied.

Read More

Ventilator Management Simulation Debriefing

Ventilator Management Simulation Debriefing

Case 1 - "Bucking the Vent"

You have inherited a patient in the VA MICU at signout.  The patient presented with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and altered mental status and was intubated for airway protection and hypoxic/hypercarbic respiratory failure.  The patient’s altered mental status has resolved but the patient remains intubated waiting for a second large-volume paracentesis that can’t be done over the long weekend at the VA. The RT calls you asking for a one time dose of 5mg Versed, but on a quick glance at the chart, the patient has been getting these Q2 hours for the last several days.  You go to the bedside and find an agitated patient motioning to take out the tube.  “He’s bucking the vent doc!”

Vent settings: AC-VC: TV500  RR12  PEEP8  FiO2 30%

Read More

Grand Rounds Recap 9/30/2015

Grand Rounds Recap 9/30/2015

September Morbidity and Mortality Conference - Dr. Toth

Cases reviewed were from the month of August. We saw greater volume in 2015 than 2014 with longer ED hold times. We reviewed multiple cases including:

Acute Inflamatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy

  • Pain is a common presentation, and cranial nerve palsies are not infrequent, but they usually follow weakness and numbness of the extremeties.
  • The diagnosis is in large part clinical, with progressive areflexia and sensory loss being the hallmarks. CSF studies showing albuminocytologic dissociation is confirmatory.
Read More

What is Useful in the ED to Help Diagnose or Rule Out Septic Arthritis?

What is Useful in the ED to Help Diagnose or Rule Out Septic Arthritis?

History

There are many risk factors for septic arthritis including age >80, Diabetes, Rheumatoid Arthritis, recent joint surgery, prosthesis, cellulitis.  The absence of risk factors does not make septic arthritis less likely in an acute monoarticular arthritis

Physical

Monoarticular arthritis is often characterized as a warm, painful, swollen joint with limited range of motion.  No studies to date have quantified specificity data on the physical exam.  Therefore, clinicians must use their own clinical gestalt when interpreting physical exam findings.

Read More

Interpreting Chest X-rays

Interpreting Chest X-rays

There isn't a day that goes by in the ED that a patient does not get a chest x-ray.  Whether the indication is chest pain, shortness of breath, cough, or line placement or intubation, interpreting chest radiographs is a critical, necessary skill for anyone working in the Emergency Department.  Here you will find a brief video explaining how to interpret CXRs and 6 practice cases.

Read More

Grand Rounds Recap 9/16

Grand Rounds Recap 9/16

Air Care Grand Rounds

What do I need to assess before I load this patient in the heli?

  •  Does your patient need plastic? (ETT, needle/finger thoracostomy)
    • Get breath sounds / anticipate your possible interventions you may need
  • Is your patient in shock?
    • Don't have a lactate? Hyperglycemia in the absence of diabetes, thirst and diaphoresis should lend you towards 'yes'
Read More

Annals of B-Pod: Fall 2015 Issue

Annals of B-Pod: Fall 2015 Issue

Hot off the Press!

#allinadayswork

Sometimes an issue’s theme is evident from the beginning- a well planned coordination of cases and perspectives that delivers a set message. Other times, an issue’s theme develops itself over the course of publishing the issue- a common thread manifests itself to us as editors as the issue comes together. Every so often, as was the case with this issue, AOBP ends up like a B-pod shift itself- a glimpse of the vast and varied pathophysiology that can present to us as Emergency Physcians at any point. 

Read More

Grand Rounds Recap 9/9

Grand Rounds Recap 9/9

Case Follow up with Dr. Winders

The Sick Patient with Pulmonary Artery Hypertension (PAH)

  • PAH defined as right heart catheterization with mPAP > 25mmHg, which can be estimated by echo
  • Readily associated with right ventricular failure, measured by TAPSE < 1.8 with M mode over tricuspid annulus
  • EKG can also help identify these patients with right axis deviation or right atrial enlargement
Read More

Annals of B-Pod: Pediatric SVT Case and Expert Discussion

Annals of B-Pod: Pediatric SVT Case and Expert Discussion

Neonatal SVT

The patient is a healthy 3 week old male with no past medical history. He was born full term via uncomplicated Cesarean Section who presents with increased fussiness. His mother states the patient has simply not been acting like himself.  He was taken home on hospital day 1 without issues, but in the last 24 hours, he has been quite fussy.  His mother became concerned when he was unable to take his bottle today.  The child has been refusing to eat and has been increasingly difficult to console. He has also had less wet diapers than normal today. Mom has not noticed cyanosis during feeding, recent illnesses or fevers. She also denies the presence of emesis, diarrhea, rashes, congestion, or cough.

Read More